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61.
Hsu BM Wu NM Jang HD Shih FC Wan MT Kung CM 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2005,104(1-3):155-162
The flow cytometry (FC) has been used to detect Giardia cysts and Cryptosporidium oocysts quantitatively and instantaneously in this study. The experimental results showed that FC is potential to become a more precise method for the detection of Giardia and Cryptosporidium in water. This study also evaluated the staining efficiencies for three commercial antibodies. After staining Cryptosporidium oocysts with direct immunofluorescent antibodies in water samples, two populations were detected in the scatter-plots (FL1 versus SSC) of the FC. The Cryptosporidium oocysts and Giardia cysts are significantly separated from other particles while stained with direct immunofluorescent antibodies produced by Meridian Diagnostics and WaterborneTM Inc. 相似文献
62.
Determination of volatile organic profiles and photochemical potentials from chemical manufacture process vents 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Hsu YC Chen SK Tsai JH Chiang HL 《Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (1995)》2007,57(6):698-704
The main objective of this study was to monitor the volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in the stack gas released from organic chemical industrial plants to determine emission factors. Samples from 52 stacks, with or without air pollution control devices (APCDs), from seven industrial processes were taken and VOCs measured using U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Method 18. These 7 processes, including 26 plants, were the manufacturers of acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polystyrene (PS), acrylic resin (ACR), vinyl chloride (VC), para-terephthalic acid (PTA), and synthetic fiber (SYF). The results clearly indicate significant variations of emission factors among the various industrial processes, particularly emission factors for those without APCDs. As expected, those with APCDs yield much less emission factors. Regardless of those with or without APCDs, the order of manufacturing processes with regard to VOC emission factors is SYF > ABS > PS >ACR > PTA > PVC > VC. The emission factors for some processes also differ from those in EPA-42 data file. The VOC profiles further indicate that some VOCs are not listed in the U.S. VOC/Particulate Matter Speciation Data System (SPECIATE). The potential O3 formation is determined from the total amount of VOC emitted for each of seven processes. The resultant O3 yield varied from 0.22 (ACR) to 2.33 g O3 g(-1) VOC (PTA). The significance of this O3 yield is discussed. 相似文献
63.
Te-Yao Hsu Shiuh-Young Chang Tu-Jou Wang Chia-Yu Ou Zen-Huang Chen Pei-Hua Hsu 《黑龙江环境通报》2001,21(8):665-667
Beare-Stevenson cutis gyrata syndrome is characterized by craniofacial anomalies, particularly craniosynostosis, ear defects, cutis gyrata, acanthosis nigricans, anogenit anomalies, skin tags, and prominent umbilical stump. The prenatal two- and three-dimensional ultrasonographic findings of this rare condition is reported. The detection was made at 32 weeks of gestation in a woman with polyhydramnios and fetal head anomaly. The ultrasound appearance and postnatal follow‒up are presented. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
64.
Ke‐Sheng Cheng Irene Hueter En‐Ching Hsu Hui‐Chung Yeh 《Journal of the American Water Resources Association》2001,37(3):723-735
Abstract. Hyetographs are essential to many hydrological designs. Many studies have shown that hyetographs are specific to storm types and durations. Recent work presented evidence that dimensionless hyetographs are scale invariant. We show that the simple scaling property of rainfall guarantees that the normalized rainfall rates of different storm durations are identically distributed and propose a nonstationary Gauss‐Markov model based on the annual maximum events that arise from the dominant storm type. We derive the unique estimators for the parameters of the Gauss‐Markov model under two constraints that: (a) the typical peak rainfall rate is preserved, and (b) the most likely hyetograph is obtained. One attractive feature of this model is that it allows translating hyetographs between storms of different durations. Two examples illustrate our model. 相似文献
65.
66.
Experiments on mixing and dissipation in internal solitary waves over two triangular obstacles 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1
Chen-Yuan Chen John R.-C. Hsu Ming-Hung Cheng Cheng-Wu Chen 《Environmental Fluid Mechanics》2008,8(3):199-214
A series of laboratory experiments was undertaken in a stratified two-layer fluid to investigate the energetics of the interaction
between an internal solitary wave (ISW) and triangular obstacles, as well as to determine the partitioning of ISW energy and
its subsequent dynamics. The ISW energy was dissipated as a result of internal breaking and turbulent mixing induced by wave
instability. Tests involving different combinations of triangular obstacles in various heights and intervals and ISW of different
amplitudes were performed. The wave features resulting from the interaction of an ISW and double obstacles were found to differ
from those of single obstacle. The incident energy of an ISW was either reflecting back from the obstacles, dissipated through
turbulent mixing, or transmitted over the double obstacles. Reduction in wave energy increased as the intervals between obstacles
reduced. For two obstacles in different heights, energy dissipation was greater in the case with a higher obstacle ahead of
a lower one. However, the overall performance was dependent on the relative height of the obstacles, relative water depth
of the upper and bottom layer, in addition to the intervals between the obstacles. 相似文献
67.
Wei-Che Hsu Jay M. Rosenberger Neelesh V. Sule Melanie L. Sattler Victoria C. P. Chen 《Environmental Modeling and Assessment》2014,19(6):503-514
The traditional strategy for ground-level ozone control is to apply emission reductions across the board throughout certain time periods and locations. In this paper, we study various mixed integer linear programming (MILP) models that seek to select targeted control strategies for the Dallas Fort-Worth (DFW) region to reduce emissions, in order to achieve the State Implementation Plan (SIP) requirements with minimum cost. Statistics and optimization methods are used to determine a potential set of cost-effective control strategies for reducing ozone. These targeted control strategies are specified for different types of emission sources in various time periods and locations. Three MILP models, a static model, a sequential model, and a dynamic model, are studied in this research. These different MILP models allow decision makers to study how the targeted control strategies change under different circumstances. Meanwhile, two types of auxiliary variables are considered as supplemental control strategies in the optimization if the current set of control strategies is unable to reduce ozone to comply with the 8-h ozone standard. Results from the different models can provide decision makers with information concerning how the effectiveness of the control strategies varies with daily emission patterns and meteorology. 相似文献
68.
Yu-Mei Hsu Xiaoliang Wang Judith C. Chow John G. Watson Kevin E. Percy 《Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (1995)》2016,66(3):329-339
Collocated comparisons for three PM2.5 monitors were conducted from June 2011 to May 2013 at an air monitoring station in the residential area of Fort McMurray, Alberta, Canada, a city located in the Athabasca Oil Sands Region. Extremely cold winters (down to approximately ?40°C) coupled with low PM2.5 concentrations present a challenge for continuous measurements. Both the tapered element oscillating microbalance (TEOM), operated at 40°C (i.e., TEOM40), and Synchronized Hybrid Ambient Real-time Particulate (SHARP, a Federal Equivalent Method [FEM]), were compared with a Partisol PM2.5 U.S. Federal Reference Method (FRM) sampler. While hourly TEOM40 PM2.5 were consistently ~20–50% lower than that of SHARP, no statistically significant differences were found between the 24-hr averages for FRM and SHARP. Orthogonal regression (OR) equations derived from FRM and TEOM40 were used to adjust the TEOM40 (i.e., TEOMadj) and improve its agreement with FRM, particularly for the cold season. The 12-year-long hourly TEOMadj measurements from 1999 to 2011 based on the OR equations between SHARP and TEOM40 were derived from the 2-year (2011–2013) collocated measurements. The trend analysis combining both TEOMadj and SHARP measurements showed a statistically significant decrease in PM2.5 concentrations with a seasonal slope of ?0.15 μg m?3 yr?1 from 1999 to 2014.Implications: Consistency in PM2.5 measurements are needed for trend analysis. Collocated comparison among the three PM2.5 monitors demonstrated the difference between FRM and TEOM, as well as between SHARP and TEOM. The orthogonal regressions equations can be applied to correct historical TEOM data to examine long-term trends within the network. 相似文献
69.
Shih Yi-Jia Tao Chi-Wei Tsai Hsin-Chi Huang Wen-Chien Huang Tung-Yi Chen Jung-Sheng Chiu Yi-Chou Hsu Tsui-Kang Hsu Bing-Mu 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2017,24(22):18392-18399
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Human adenoviruses (HAdVs) are DNA viruses found in recreational water, such as water parks and swimming pools. Human adenovirus 41 (HAdV-41) is the... 相似文献
70.
Tsao-Cheng Huang Lu-Chen Yeh Guan-Hui Lai Bi-Sheng Huang Ta-I Yang Sheng-Chieh Hsu 《International Journal of Green Energy》2017,14(2):113-120
A novel superhydrophobicelectroactive fluorinated polyimide (HEFPI) was first synthesized from aniline trimer and 4,4′-(Hexafluoroisopropylidene) diphthalic anhydride. The HEFPI could be fabricated as superhydrophobicfilm by replicated the surface of the Xanthosomasagittifolium leaves. The water contact angle of HEFPI film reaches as high as 157 ° and the superhydrophobic property of HEFPI could coat on cold-rolled steel (CRS) to prevent the metal corrosion. Electroactivity of EFPI was evaluated by performing electrochemical cyclic voltammetry study. Besides, redox catalytic capabilities of aniline trimer units existed in HEFPI main chain may induce the formation of passive metal oxide layers on the CRS electrode. The synergistic effects (hydrophobic property and passive metal oxide layers) make the HEFPI coating has great potential for advanced anticorrosion material. 相似文献